(Died in 298 AH/911 AD)
Abu Othman Sa’id ibn Esmail al-Hiri alNishapuri came
originally from Rayy, where he knew Yahya ibn Mo’adh al-Razi and Shah ibn Shoja
alKermani. He moved to Nishapur where he came under the influence of Abu Hafas al-Haddéd.
He visited al-Jonaid in Baghdad, and died at Nishapur in
298 AH/911 AD.
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Ibn Atta (R.A)
(Died in 309 AH/921-2 AD)
Abu ‘alAbhas Ahmad jim Muhanm-ad ibn Sahi ibn ‘Ata’
al-Aadami was a close companion of Jonaid Baghdadi. Author of mystical verses
and’ a prominent member of the Baghdad circle, he was put to death in
309 AH/921-22 AD.
Abu Bakr Shebli
(247-334 AH/861-945 AD)
Ahu Bakr Dolaf ibn Jahdar (Ja’far ihn Yunos) alShebli, a
Sufi mystic was born in Baghdad. He turned to the mystic life at the age of 40.
Although he belonged to al-Jonaid’s sober school of Sufisim, he distinguished
himself as an extreme and eccentric Sufi, whose excessive behaviours and
practices (e.g., rubbing salt in the eyes to prevent sleep) led to his
committal to a lunatic asylum, where he could offer discourses on the Sufi way
to distinguished visitors. He became a leading figure in the stormy history of
alHallaj. He died in 334 AH/945-6 AD at the age of 87; his tomb in Baghdad is
still venerated..
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Farabi
(470-950 AD)
Abu Nasr’ Muhammad al-Farahi bin Oziagh I’arkhan was born in
870 AD in the city of “Itrar” which was in the vicinity of “Farab”or “Barab” in
(Turkistan) Transoxiana. He spent most of his 1ff e, in Baghdad. Muslim pupil
of Christian teachers:
Yuhanna bin Haylan and Abu Bishr Matta bin Yunus, expounded
Aristotlian logic for the Arab-speaking world and. wrote comprehensive
commentaries on both Plato and Aristotle. He worked to create. a reconciliation
of their two philosophies and a synthesis of philosophy and religion.
Farabi was widely known as ‘the second teacher (al-Mu’allim
al-Thani), Aristotle being the first. He achieved high eminence as a logician,
and was also a physicist, metaphysocian, astronomer and musician. He invented a
musical instnunent called “Qanoon”.
His famous books are (1) Commentary and ShOrt Treatise on
Aristotle’s De Interpretatione (2) A1-Madintil Fadilab: (The Ideal State):
Treatise on the Opinions of the Inhabitants of the Viituous City (3) Siyasat
alMadaniah:(Politics of the State):Philosophy of Plato and Aristàtle (4) Tahsil
al-Sa’adah:The Attainment of Happiness (5) The Book df Music
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I
Mutanabbi
(815-965 AD)
Greatest Arabic poet, Abu al-Tayyib Ahmed bin Husayn
al-Mutanabbi, a famous Arab poet was born at Kufah (Iraq) in 915 AD. Mutanabbi
was brought up in Syria and joined Qaramatians in 924 AD. Claiming to be a
prophet -hence the name al-Mutanabbi (The Would-be Prophet), he led a
Qaramatian revolt in Syria in 932 AD. After its suppression and two years
imprisonment, he was released in 935 AD and became a wandering poet. He was
killed on his way coming from Iran to Baghdad at Dáyr al-Akul in 965 AD. He
left his memorial “Diwan” (Collection of poetry) behind him.
J
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